What effect does excess sunlight exposure have on the skin?

Excess sunlight exposure accelerates skin aging due to the damaging effects of ultraviolet (UV) rays. These rays penetrate the skin and cause cellular damage, leading to photosensitivity, loss of collagen and elastin—two vital proteins responsible for skin structure and elasticity—resulting in wrinkles, fine lines, and an overall aged appearance. Additionally, prolonged UV exposure can lead to an uneven skin tone, darker pigmentation spots, and an increased risk of skin conditions, including skin cancer. Therefore, understanding the effects of sunlight on the skin highlights the importance of protective measures, such as using sunscreen and wearing protective clothing when exposed to sunlight for extended periods.